{"id":9336,"date":"2026-08-25T09:37:55","date_gmt":"2026-08-25T15:37:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/enteratelatino.org\/?p=9336"},"modified":"2026-09-08T21:50:50","modified_gmt":"2026-09-09T03:50:50","slug":"unos-microbios-transforman-plastico-y-residuos-vegetales-en-alimentos-ricos-en-proteinas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/enteratelatino.org\/index.php\/2026\/08\/25\/unos-microbios-transforman-plastico-y-residuos-vegetales-en-alimentos-ricos-en-proteinas\/","title":{"rendered":"Unos microbios transforman pl\u00e1stico y residuos vegetales en alimentos ricos en prote\u00ednas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Galleta elaborada con materiales vegetales de desecho y pl\u00e1stico; el producto podr\u00eda alimentar a seres humanos en cualquier lugar, desde submarinos hasta naves espaciales. EFE\/SIU Carbondale Communications Lahiru Jayakody, Biotechnology Lab<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Redacci\u00f3n ciencia, 24 ago (EFE).- Millones de personas en el mundo sufren hambre e inseguridad alimentaria y un tercio de la poblaci\u00f3n mundial no puede permitirse una dieta equilibrada; en paralelo, nuestro planeta afronta el creciente problema de la contaminaci\u00f3n por pl\u00e1sticos. Ahora, un equipo de cient\u00edficos ha propuesto utilizar un problema para solucionar otro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La investigaci\u00f3n, realizada por cient\u00edficos de la Universidad del Sur Illinois (SIU) Carbondale en el marco de un proyecto liderado por la NASA para crear alimentos en el espacio profundo, utiliza levaduras para convertir desperdicios pl\u00e1sticos y agr\u00edcolas en alimentos comestibles y ricos en prote\u00ednas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para los autores, esta tecnolog\u00eda podr\u00eda ser una soluci\u00f3n prometedora para abordar simult\u00e1neamente el problema de la escasez de alimentos y el de la contaminaci\u00f3n por pl\u00e1stico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La t\u00e9cnica, que se presentar\u00e1 esta semana en la reuni\u00f3n de oto\u00f1o de la Sociedad Estadounidense de Qu\u00edmica (American Chemical Society, ACS), propone un nuevo m\u00e9todo de suprarreciclaje (elevar el material de categor\u00eda en vez de destruirlo) que podr\u00eda permitir la vida en zonas de desastre o viajes espaciales tripulados.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;Intent\u00e1bamos desarrollar tecnolog\u00edas para el suprarreciclaje de pl\u00e1stico para convertirlo en productos de mayor valor. Y nos preguntamos: \u00bfpor qu\u00e9 no centrarnos en hacer comida?, ya que el pl\u00e1stico es carbono y la comida es carbono&#8221;, explica el profesor adjunto Lahiru Jayakody y coautor del estudio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Uno de los pl\u00e1sticos m\u00e1s utilizados es el tereftalato de polietileno (PET), que se usa para hacer botellas de agua y refrescos y que contiene mol\u00e9culas con mucho carbono que se podr\u00edan reconstruir en algo parecido a una prote\u00edna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aunque esa reconstrucci\u00f3n se podr\u00eda llevar a cabo con reacciones qu\u00edmicas y disolventes en un laboratorio, una soluci\u00f3n m\u00e1s sencilla y ecol\u00f3gica es hacerlo con microbios. De hecho, los microbios como la levadura se usan desde hace tiempo para crear mol\u00e9culas como la insulina, que ya no se extrae de p\u00e1ncreas de los animales; ahora se produce a partir de levadura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con este m\u00e9todo, el equipo program\u00f3 una variedad de levaduras, incluida la levadura del pan, para descomponer los residuos pl\u00e1sticos y agr\u00edcolas y convertir sus mol\u00e9culas en prote\u00ednas, vitaminas y saborizantes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Los investigadores tomaron pl\u00e1stico PET, tallos y hojas de la planta de ma\u00edz desechados y otra biomasa, y los sometieron a un proceso denominado disoluci\u00f3n hidrot\u00e9rmica oxidativa que usa agua y ox\u00edgeno a alta temperatura y presi\u00f3n para descomponer material duro en piezas accesibles al microbio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Luego, esos fragmentos sirven de alimento para las levaduras programadas, que los convierten en una nueva variedad de ingredientes alimentarios, como prote\u00ednas, grasas y \u00e1cidos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Como \u00faltimo paso, los investigadores agregan fibra, almid\u00f3n y edulcorante a la mezcla, y a trav\u00e9s de una impresora 3D forman galletas ricas en prote\u00ednas denominadas&nbsp;<em>\u00b5Bites<\/em>&nbsp;(pronunciado &#8220;microbites&#8221;).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aunque las \u00b5Bites son seguras para el consumo, los investigadores est\u00e1n esperando la aprobaci\u00f3n de las autoridades para realizar pruebas de sabor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De momento, las galletas han recibido calificaciones altas en aroma, y la mayor\u00eda de los participantes est\u00e1n de acuerdo en que estar\u00edan dispuestos a comerlas en situaciones con recursos limitados.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El equipo conf\u00edan en que las \u00b5Bites est\u00e9n listas para el consumo p\u00fablico en pocos a\u00f1os y se puedan usar tanto en la Tierra como en entornos m\u00e1s extremos, como submarinos o incluso colonias en la Luna o Marte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;Se espera que la demanda mundial de alimentos aumente entre un 35 y un 56&nbsp;% para el a\u00f1o 2050, y alrededor del 30&nbsp;% de la poblaci\u00f3n mundial correr\u00e1 riesgo de sufrir hambre en el futuro. La manera de abordar eso, creo, es usando microbios&#8221;, concluye Jayakody.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Galleta elaborada con materiales vegetales de desecho y pl\u00e1stico; el producto podr\u00eda alimentar a seres humanos en cualquier lugar, desde submarinos hasta naves espaciales. EFE\/SIU Carbondale Communications Lahiru Jayakody, Biotechnology Lab Redacci\u00f3n ciencia, 24 ago (EFE).- Millones de personas en el mundo sufren hambre e inseguridad alimentaria y un tercio de la poblaci\u00f3n mundial no [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9337,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1930],"tags":[1776,1983,1984],"class_list":["post-9336","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciencia-y-tecnologia","tag-agroalimentacion","tag-investigacion-alimentos","tag-seguridad-alimentaria"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Unos microbios transforman pl\u00e1stico y residuos vegetales en alimentos ricos en prote\u00ednas - Enterate Latino<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/enteratelatino.org\/index.php\/2026\/08\/25\/unos-microbios-transforman-plastico-y-residuos-vegetales-en-alimentos-ricos-en-proteinas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Unos microbios transforman pl\u00e1stico y residuos vegetales en alimentos ricos en prote\u00ednas - Enterate Latino\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Galleta elaborada con materiales vegetales de desecho y pl\u00e1stico; el producto podr\u00eda alimentar a seres humanos en cualquier lugar, desde submarinos hasta naves espaciales. 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